Butabera bupfobya jenoside bukanabogamira ku bayikoze
Yolande Mukagasana
All the versions of this article:
[English]
[Español]
[français]
[Kinyarwanda]
Itsembabatutsi ryavuzwe incuro nyinshi n’abayobozi b’i Rwanda guhera mu mwaka 1963 mw’ijambo ry’uwahoze ari Perezida wa Republika Gregoire Kayibanda. Itsembabatutsi ryavuzwe na Perezida Juvenal Habyarimana tariki 30 z’ukwakira 1990. Mbere yuko FPR itangira guerilla, Perezida Habyarimana mw’ijambo rye yavuze ko azahorera ingabo ze zaguye ku rugamba. Nibande yaragiye kuzihoreraho? Inzirakarengane. Ikinyarwanda n’urulimi rwuzuye mo inshoberamahanga tugomba kuba ari twe twenyine twabyumvise. Byatangiwe n’ubwicanyi bwibasiye Abatutsi b’i Byumba bwakozwe n’ingoma ya Habyarimana, kuva FPR yatera m’ukwakira 1990. Hakurikiyeho ubwicanyi bwakorewe Abagogwe mu 1991 na 1992, butajya bunavugwa kuko butarebwa n’ubutabera bw’Umuryango w’abibumbye (LONI). Tariki za 5 Ukwakira 1990 muribuka ibihumbi by’Abatutsi bafunzwe kugeza no ku banyeshuri. I Nyamirambo, abantu bafungiwe muri Stade Regional aho bahohotewe bagafatwa nk’inyamaswa, bari batunzwe n’ibyatsi. Imiryango yacu yagombye kurisha kugirango ibashe kuramuka. Na n’ubu biracyangora kubyibagirwa. Mwibuke igihe HRW isangana umwe mu bari Burugumesitiri bo mu majyaruguru, Kajerijeri, icyobo gitabye mo abantu iwe mu rugo. Umuryango w’abibumbye warabyibagiwe? Jye ndacyabyibuka. Abari mu Rwanda baribuka neza ukuntu amabusi yajyanaga intwaro, harimo n’imihoro, mu bice bitandukanye byo mu Rwanda guhera muri 1993. Twari turi yo, twarabyiboneye kandi turanabyamagana. Umuryango wabibumbye wahisemo gusubiza intwaro zabonetse ubutegetsi bwari ho butegura Itsembabatutsi. Ubu abitwa inzobere z’u Rwanda bavuga ko TPIR itarahamya itegurwa ry’itsembabatutsi b’i Rwanda. Nta tegurwa rero nta tsembabwoko? Nibyo rero, ngo n’ubwicanyi hagati y’amoko? Ngo n’ubwicanyi bwinshi nkuko abajenosideri babivuga, kandi ngo ni FPR yabuteye? Ariyo yonyine yashoboye guhagarika itsembabwoko. Ibyo byaribisanzwe mu mvugo y’abajenosideri yo kwikuraho icyaha. Iperereza (Rapporo, Ubushakashatsi) ryakozwe n’urwego rw’abatasi bo mu Bubiligi, Etudes sur les milices Interahamwe,tariki z’iyakabiri Gashyantare z’umwaka 1994 ryavuze ko Interahamwe zari zishinzwe kumenya aho imiryango yose y’abatutsi yari ituye. Uwavuga amalisiti, ntiyahakana itegura, utahakana itegura ntiyahakana ubugambanyi. Ndabona aho Umuryango w’abibumbye ushaka kugana. Ibikorwa by’Umuryango w’abibumbye biragaragaza ko bifobya jenoside yadukorewe. Umuryango w’abibumbye urashaka kwerekana ko nta bugambanyi bwabaye bwo gukora itsembabatutsi. Nta bugambanyi, nta tsembabwoko. Ndabihanangirije, yemwe Muryango w’abibumbye. Iyo ntabutabera buri ho, havuka abihorera. Umuryango w’abibumbye urateza amakimbirane kw’isi kuko udashobora gukurikirana abanyabyaha. Abacitse kw’icumu batangiye kwishakira ubutabera ubwabo, isi yose yavuga yuko ar’ ukwihorera. Hashize imyaka 15 dutegereje ubutabera, hashize imyaka 15 abacitse kw’icumu bicwa cyangwa se bicwa n’ingaruka z’itsembabwoko nk’abagore bafashwe kungufu bicwa na SIDA. Umuryango w’abibumbye wahereye kuvura abafashe ku ngufu, ntiwareba abafashwe ku ngufu. Nibangahe se bacitse kw’icumu bishwe n’imiryango cyangwa se n’inshuti z’imfungwa bamaze gutanga ubuhamya Arusha? Ni kangahe se bavugaga ko turi udukoresho tw’ubutegetsi bw’i Rwanda kugira ngo ntitujye gutanga ubuhamya i mbere y’urwo rukiko? Nyamara ubutegetsi nyarwanda bw’ubu ntagihe butakoranye n’uwo rukiko. None ubu umwe mubatekereje itsembabwoko, Protais Zigiranyirazo, ararekuwe, umuntu tutanatinyukaga kuvuga izina rye kubera ukuntu yaduteraga ubwoba, kuburyo twari twaramwise Bwana Z. Ngo hari ibitarubahilijwe mu kumushyikiriza ubucamanza; natanga Imana ho umugabo ko atari na we wambere. Niba Hormisdas Nsengimana ari umwere, abapadiri bose n’abere! N’akumiro! Ba Ruharwa bakomeye bose bibera mu bihugu byashyize umukono ku masezerano y’i Genève. Turi ho turagana hehe? Kugirango batujijishe bafunze uwo munsi umwe abayobozi ba FDLR, kandi ari guhita barekurwa bukeye bwaho. Nkaho ibyo bitari bihagije, Pierre Péan, umwanditsi w’umufaransa, amaze gutsinda urubanza rwe mu bujurire kubera ko yari yanditse y’uko Abatutsi barerwa mu kinyoma kuva bavuka. Abafobya itsembabwoko n’abarikoze buri gihe bararengerwa, kandi buri gihe n’Umuryango w’abibumbye cyangwa se ubufaransa burabarengera. Urebye ukuntu Pean avuga abana b’abatutsi, abajenosideri bari bafite ishingiro ryo kubatsemba, kuko bahungabanyaga ikiremwa muntu. Bishoboka bite? Turananiwe, turananiwe cyane. Ariko ibyo ndabibemereye bayobozi b’Umuryango wabibumbye, hasigara umucikacumu umwe cyangwa se igihumbi ntidushobora guhagarara. Mushobora kuba mwibwira muti kumbi muri mwenyine ntawe ubitayeho, igihe n’igihe amaherezo yanyu aregereje. Muzasaza, murware, mupfe igisubizo kibe kirabonetse. Muribeshya, tuzakomeza. Hari igihe ndira, iyo mbonye ukuntu Umuryango w’abibumbye utoteza Abatutsi bacitse kw’icumu. Umuryango w’abibumbye wibagiwe ko utatumiye abarokotse Auschwitz ngo baze batange ubuhamya mu rukiko rw’i Nuremberg. Nataye byose kugeza njyewe kugiti cyange, kubera ko abana bange babishe bakabajugunya mu cyobo nk’umwanda kuko itsembabwoko usibye kwitwa gukora ryitwaga no gusukura. Abana bange bafashwe nk’umwanda mu Rwanda. Natakaje Umugabo wange n’icyanshimishaga mu buzima bwange bwose, sinteze kurambirwa, munyice aho kumpohotera. Ni mutwice kuko ari byo mushaka ariko murekere aho. Mufunge abapfakazi n’impfubyi zacu Arusha kuko twakoze icyaha cyo kurokoka itsembabwoko. Byibura tuzashobora gufungura gatatu ku munsi. Byibura tuzaba dufite icumbi. Byibura tuzavurwa, twe abarokotse itsembabwoko. Ntabyo mushoboye? Noneho nimutwice murangize akazi. Ni gute mwasobonura ukuntu urukiko ruhora ruhabwa amamiliyoni y’amajana y’amadollari ku mwaka, arenga miliyoni 267 mu mwaka wa 2008 gusa, rudashobora kuduha ubutabera. Urukiko, kuva rwashingwa muri 1995, rwarangije imanza 30 gusa kw’itsembabwoko ryibasiye miliyoni y’abantu mumezi atatu. Ubutabera bw’umuryango w’abibumbye s’ubwacu, n’ubwanyu umuryango w’abibumbye. N’urukiko rwashinzwe kugira ngo rubahe amahoro kuri roho zanyu. Ubutabera budatanga indishyi zakababro. Ubutabera bwanze kudufata nkabarega kugiti cyabo (partie civile?), bukadufata gusa nkabatanga buhamya. Turengerwa n’umushinjacyaha tutihitiye mo, mugihe abatwishe bo bihitiye mo aba bungura benshi. Urukiko rudusaba gufata indege kujya gutanga ubuhamya mumahanga y’ibyo twakorewe mu Rwanda. Ariko cyane cyane ubutabera butigeze buteganya indishyi zakababaro kubarenganye. N’ubuhe butabera mugamije? Ubutabera budatanga indishyi z’akababaro n’akarengane kiyongeraho. Mubabarire umujinya wange, ntiwangana n’uwabicanyi imbere y’ubwere rwabo bishe, ntiwangana n’ishavu ry’umubyeyi imbere y’ibyo abana be bakorewe. Abakura mbere bacu bavuga ko ntawucira urubanza umuhamba. Ariko banavuga yuko: uko ijoro ryangana kose umunsi ugeraho ukaza. Bikorewe i Bruxelles, tariki z’ukwa 18 Ugushyingo, 2008. Yolande Mukagasana, warokotse itsembabwoko.